Slavic alphabet runes OL Falcon Kutylovskogo (Oleg L. Sokol-Kutylovsky)
Due to the complexity of translation, please consider yourself the Russian version and choose the most appropriate computer translators (adjusted with the help of specialists on the basis of common sense)
Slavic alphabet runes Falcon Kutylovskogo
Useful for enthusiastic researchers, especially in the early stages of exploring dokirillicheskoy script in Russia and its neighbors.
http://www.proza.ru/2011/01/16/362
http://www.proza.ru/2011/01/14/1116
http://www.zovu.ru/yaz/skol.jpg (author's photo)
http://uznai-pravdu.ru/viewtopic.php?f=40&t=4017 (attack opponents)
http://lingvofreaks.narod.ru/
As a meticulous researcher, Oleg L. discards excessive reporting options Slavic runes and tries to consider the real possibility of translating texts of the monuments. And among these possibilities are not ruled out pre-Slavic and earlier Slavonic (pagan) variants. Further, fragments of text O.L.Sokol-Kutylovskogo.
"It is believed that the runic monuments of Northern Europe were created by ancient Germanic peoples. To see the actual state of affairs in the German runologii, enough to turn to the book, EA Makayeva [1], which in the introduction of direct written: "At the same time it should be made explicitly clear that the undoubted successes runologiey over the past 90 years, is no guarantee that it can now be confidently rely on the transcript and interpretation of the most ancient runic inscriptions, and on the conclusions of general and specific, which are made on the basis of the inscriptions. Exceptional complexity of runic material lies in the fact that minus a few runic inscriptions, the researcher is dealing with a very fragmented and in many ways imperfect state of the extant inscriptions: in most cases we are talking about individual words (and sometimes even on individual runic signs ) having no common etymological correspondences in other Germanic languages. Moreover, in regard to the paleographic reading many labels is enormous difficulties and in some cases, by the weathering of individual runic signs, reading simply becomes impossible and the researcher is at the mercy of all sorts of guesses and assumptions. This mixed with the fact that even when the researcher is able to read a runic inscription, this does not imply that she had received the proper interpretation, since the cultural and historical environment of the inscription remains unclear and thus the meaning of the text has come down to We can not be unraveled. Not surprisingly, therefore, that some runologi come to a very pessimesticheskim conclusions regarding the possibility of exhaustive interpretation of the ancient runic inscriptions. K. Marstrander repeatedly pointed out this fact in their works.
In a small study in 1938, he wrote: "On the basis of the known can be argued that until now could not be interpreted by any one runic inscription. In his monograph in 1952 K. Marstrander draws attention to the fact that "runic inscription can be fully interpreted in respect of language and at the same time remains in all essentials undeciphered. Since then, nothing in the German runologii not changed, but Maca does not agree with this conclusion, although countered that any conclusions Marstrandera he can not: "It is hardly possible to agree with this assertion even though there is no doubt true that it contains, because in this case will have to abandon not only the possibility of a strictly scientific interpretation of the runic material, but at the same time will have to abandon the construction of a variety of scientific disciplines dealing with the distant past. " That is the salvation of the German runologii, linguistics, comparative linguistics, and other German science, which only recognizes a strict scientific discipline, it is proposed to abandon the semantic reading of the runic inscriptions. Makaeu also describes the situation with the reading of the runes on bracteates: "the fundamental importance for runologii is also the question of the extent to runic inscriptions on bracteates should be treated as regular inscriptions and to what extent they should perceive different kinds of distortion of the original text, or simply a set of runes, the employees only for the general ornamentation bracteates, perhaps, for some magical purposes and do not have and are not able to have any meaning. Recently, more and more clearly declares itself a point of view, the most consistently pursued E. Moltke, according to which the prevailing majority of the inscriptions on bracteates are meaningless. In a special work of E. Moltke argues in defense of their point of view that it should be recognized solidly grounded and quite plausible. "
Have less volume to quote these revelations of recognized experts who have devoted much of his life German runologii to have any reasonable man vanished illusions about Germany's certainly supplies runic inscriptions in Europe. Runic inscriptions were created in order to read them and understand what they read. Pointless to try to read the mindless runic inscription in any language, but no more sense and to write many thousands of titles across Europe, which no one can ever read. So here are invited to read the runic inscriptions in the language, which reveals the meaning of written text. The fact that one of the most widely spoken languages of the ancient and medieval Europe was a Slavic or Proto-Slavic language follows from the studies of many authors, in particular, from the book by M. Orbin [2], where it is said that many of the Slavic nations came to Europe from Scandinavia, where remained the most ancient runic inscriptions. (====== Literature is the author of a very old: PZ)
Here are some interpretations of "starsherunicheskih" texts in Slavonic (Russian) (see below links to publications) language, much of which presumably applies to the first millennium BC
Selected publications
http://www.zovu.ru/yaz/sko1.htm
http://www.trinitas.ru/rus/doc/avtr/01/0766-00.htm
http://www.trinitas.ru/rus/doc/0211/005a/02111102.htm etc.
"In this article are only those runic monuments, which have well-preserved picture of the majority of runic signs and are available to Internet users. In addition to the mandatory pictures of runic monument, in many cases provided additional drawing of the text (in some cases with examples of decomposition of composite runic characters on individual runes) and its voiced variant readings, as well as the translation read version of the text into modern language.
In reads text composite characters (ligatures) are given in brackets, is questionable characters - in parentheses. In the translations in parentheses are the words with inexact match, their synonyms or explanations. Solid mark in the syllabic runes marked any possible short vowels. With the same sign are runic symbols that are used as letters. Drawing of the inscriptions on metal and stone requires premark alleged text. Therefore, it is assumed that all the runic texts are made, how they conceived and wrote them in human beings, that is a permutation of runic characters and their arbitrary change in the text is drawn is not allowed. The direction of writing, runic text might be different, so the direction of the reading was defined as asymmetric on writing runes, and a number of other symptoms, and, if necessary, specified in comments for each particular text. Ligatures or compound runic characters can be a single word or a substantial part (usually in the most ancient texts), but may contain runes belonging to different adjacent words.
Table indicative sound correspondence runes and ligatures that are applicable to most of the texts placed at the end. Such a representation of an example of reading the runic text with the placement of images runic monuments, tables, sound compliance with runic symbols and the tables of decomposition of ligatures to their constituent runes enables the reader to try to read the runic texts and verify or question the reliability of the presented options of reading. Multiversion read runic texts is due to the difficulty of the recovery of many vowel sounds, ignorance of many old words and their most accurate values, as well as the lack of decomposition of many texts on individual words and phrases. Nevertheless, the main task - understanding the meaning embedded in the text, for the majority of the surviving runic inscriptions in Europe, including the implementation of the so-called "older runes, can be solved.
From the preliminary reading presented here, and many others fully or partially been read runic inscriptions of Northern and Central Europe that the so-called "elder Futhark" is part of the pre-Slavic and Slavic runes runic script of ancient and medieval Europe, who had mainly syllabic character. Runic inscriptions of the first millennium BC (And some may have more ancient), when read in Slavic runes Slavic language acquired a clear meaning. So-called "Anglo-Saxon runes" are similar to the Slavic (or pre-Slavic), runes, used until the early second millennium BC in Scandinavia and continental Europe, and differ from the latter only the more extensive use of original ligatures and compound characters, and texts, made these runes, it becomes clear again, only when you read them in the Slavonic language. That is, many Slavic and Proto-Slavic peoples of Europe long before their Christianization had their own written language, which is widely and commonly used for various purposes.
But it has survived only a small part of the ancient runic texts, and then only because they were made on durable media - on the rocks or metal, but also because the new European nations perceive and now still see the ancient runic monuments, as part of their own, some of the ancient Germanic culture.
Tables 1 and 2 show some runic characters, used in treating the runic monuments, and given them the most likely sound correspondence.
Tables 3 - 7 (7 no) shows the alloy and composite runic characters encountered in the runic texts considered here, given their decomposition into individual runes and show their audio content. In contrast to the ligature, in which part of each subsequent runic sign is part of the previous one, in composite marks runic characters can only come into contact. "
Useful for decryptors "Volga amulet" bracteates from Scandinavia
Selected publications
http://www.zovu.ru/yaz/sko1.htm
http://www.trinitas.ru/rus/doc/avtr/01/0766-00.htm
http://www.trinitas.ru/rus/doc/0211/005a/02111102.htm etc.
Opponents
The purpose of the site http://lingvofreaks.narod.ru/about.htm
- Provide opportunities for full information on lingvofrikam Russia and their activities.
Lingvofriki (from the "lingo" - language + freaks from the English. Freaks) - these are people who do amateur research in the field of linguistics, using the methodology obsolete for at least two or three centuries, while not possessing sufficient knowledge of the subject. Sometimes, their methodology is highly subjective and arbitrary interpretation of linguistic facts.
Today lingvofriki publish books, collectively already made on the level of tens if not hundreds, of thousands of copies. Lingvofricheskie ideas spread in society mainly because of the extremely low level of knowledge about the subject at srednestaticheskogo reader. Typically, linguists do not write papers with denials lingvofricheskih ideas - for the same reason that physicists do not write reviews on projects of perpetual motion. Meanwhile, the public willingly absorbs the next sensational opus lingvofrikov, many of which flavor their arguments more and patriotic fervor.
Some lingvofriki busy deciphering still unread inscriptions of antiquity, or simply scratch, building and then based on their transcripts grand theories. For some lingvofrikov appeal to the language - just a means of confirming their historical hypotheses. However, most lingvofrikov somehow affect the historic topics.
As a rule, lingvofriki are quite older people (most of them are over forty), often quite adequate and sincere. What he is lacking is the scientific approach and self-criticism. As a result, they can quite successfully and to the point to criticize each other, but the plank in your eye to see, alas, can not.
On the site all the known lingvofriki collected under one roof ", but to gather all information about a little bit unscientific ideas is not an end in itself. Priority is given to lingvofrikam: 1) current, 2) the well-known and 3) actively published. The site will be updated, because lingvofriki any time soon, unfortunately, not translated. All information is taken from public sources and, optionally, is easily verified.
Any additions and clarifications on the subject site are welcome.
http://lingvofreaks.narod.ru/about.htm
About the Author: Oleg L. Sokol-Kutylovsky
Born April 2, 1952 in Slonim, Belarus. In 1978 he graduated from the Physics Department, Kuban State University. He began his career in 1969 working Seismological Krasnodar branch VNIIgeofiziki; in 1969-1976. - Laboratory High School Sec Kabardinka Krasnodar, radiomehanik electromechanical workshops of the Ministry of Communications of the USSR (Krasnodar), Laboratory of Kuban State University, in 1976-1979. - A physics teacher from high school in subsection Grape Krasnodar region.
Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Ph.D. (thesis - "Study of the magnetoelastic properties of amorphous ferromagnets with a view to their application in magnetic and mechanical sensors", 1997), Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Geophysics, UB RAS. Living in Ekaterinburg. Author of original work in physics ("I dare say that the relativistic and quantum theories were based on ignorance and deception, fit and a massive propaganda of ideas that are contrary to the natural sciences"). (Another would add: the father of talented children: PZ)
Specific criticisms of the positions Oleg L. Sokol-Kutylovskogo no
http://lingvofreaks.narod.ru/sokol/index.htm
http://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fu;orc
About runes have articles on Wikipedia W innych j;zykach
Afrikaans Alemannisch ;nglisc Boarisch Bosanski Catal; ;esky Dansk ;;;;;;;;;
Deutsch Eesti ;;;;;;;; English Espa;ol Esperanto ;;;;; F;royskt Fran;ais Frysk
Gaelg Galego ;; Hrvatski Ido Bahasa Indonesia ;slenska Italiano ;;;;; ;;;;;;;
Latina Latvie;u Lietuvi; Magyar Nederlands Nedersaksisch ;;; ;Norsk (bokm;l) ;
;Norsk (nynorsk) ;Portugu;s Simple English Sloven;;ina Srpski / Srpski Suomi Svenska
;;; T;rk;e ;; ;;;; ;;;;;;
Russian version - one of the most objective, while also leading the runes from the Germans, but specifies a different version of their origin
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Руны
Origin of the Runes
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Greek-Latin version
A page from the runic manuscript Codex Runicus
Golden Ring of Petroassy
The inscription on the tip of the spear of Evreux Stab
On the origin of the runes has a large number of hypotheses. The form of runes, long and barbed, Isaac Taylor has prompted the idea that the runes originated from the Greek alphabet, which was used in VI. BC. er. on the Black Sea. Taylor attributed the role of the creators of the Goths, in an era supposedly living in Russia, although in fact the Goths migrated into the northern Black Sea region for 900 years later. Several other scholars see ancestor runic writing in the Greek cursive last centuries BC [2].
Ludwig Franz Adalbert Wimmer put forward the theory of the origin of the runes of the Latin letters in the late II. Mr. er. Latin theory holds, and Sigurd Agrell, assuming that the date of the Runes - I age. By assumption, Otto von Friesen runes were invented by the Goths in the II-III centuries. Mr. er. on the basis of Greek and Latin alphabets.
Bredsdorf believed that runes come from the Gothic script. This version is rejected by other researchers, since the most ancient runic inscriptions reliably dated no later than the III century, while the Gothic alphabet was invented only in the IV century [2].
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Severnoetrusskaya version
The most popular theory about the origin of runic letters from one of severnoetrusskih alphabets [16], who proposed in 1928 by Carl runolog Marstrander [17] [18].
This version supports most of the scientists. There is a theory of mixed origins of the runes and severnoetrusskogo ogamicheskogo alphabets (its proposed Hammerstrem), as well as, by assumption, Feist, except these two scripts, the runes could affect Latin.
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Nontraditional versions
In the 1930-1940-ies in Germany, developed the theory Urrunen, according to which the runes originate from certain prarun on which occurred including severnosemitsky alphabet, and, consequently, all alphabetic writing world.
literature of the world. This theory was developed solely for the purpose of "Germanization" alphabet and not credible. Until now, It is not known what purpose the runes were created: whether they were for divination signs, or else the runes was originally conceived as a written language [2] [3] [4].
Sigurd Agrell, Swedish professor at the University of Lund, in 1932 put forward the esoteric theory that rune f was the last, not first in the runic alphabet. He believed that, apart runes in this order, I could understand a hidden meaning of runic cipher [19]. This theory was not accepted in the scientific world, but she found a number of followers, such as Thomas Karlsson. He published the first monograph on the theory utarka after work Agrella [20]. Another well-known follower of the theory is utarka occultist Kenneth Meadows [21] [22] [23].
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Mythological version
According to Norse mythology, runes opened one when he pierced himself with a spear, for nine days and nights hanging on the world tree without food or drink. Afterwards, the sacred will quench the thirst (shaman), honey from his grandfather Beltorna, he heard a graven runes and the first of them with a spear on the Tree of their own blood.
In particular, point to the problem of Slavic runes
Slavic runes
Main article: Slavic runes
Presumably runic inscription from Staraya Ladoga
Presumably runic inscription from Novgorod
So far not found evidence for the existence of Slavic Runes. In XIX-XX centuries, scientists have engaged in this problem seriously [2], and in recent years, the topic has become popular among amateur researchers.
In Russia, Ukraine and Latvia had found a number of inscriptions made well-known Germanic runes. However, Staraya Ladoga and Novgorod were found two unread inscriptions made by the unknown's scripts, presumably runic, quite dissimilar to each other. Chernorizets brave in his treatise "On writing" refers to the use of pagan Slavs, "the devil and the cuts" for divination, which suggests the possibility of the existence of Slavic Runes. However, in the treatise is brave expressly approved by the lack of written language among the Slavs. Also identified with the Slavic runes written Veles Book, "recognized by the scientific community fake XIX-XX century. [34] In the XVIII century, declared the discovery" venedskih runes "on Retro figurines from the temple, but these figures as" Veles Book, were found to be counterfeit.
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Руны
More http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Славянские_руны
http://s56.radikal.ru/i152/0906/0c/6ebd693eba11.jpg etc.
It makes sense to pay attention to
Bammesberger, A and G. Waxenberger (eds), Das fu;ark und Seine Einzelsprachlichen Weiterentwicklungen, Walter de Gruyter (2006), ISBN 3-11-019008-7.
D;wel, Klaus (2001). Runenkunde, Verlag J.B. Metzler (In German).
Looijenga, J. H. (1997). Runes Around the North Sea and on the Continent AD 150-700, dissertation, Groningen University.
MacLeod, Mindy, and Mees, Bernard (2006). Runic Amulets and Magic Objects. Boydell Press: Woodbridge, UK; Rochester, NY, ISBN 1843832054.
McKinnell, John and Rudolf Simek, with Klaus D;wel (2004). Runes, Magic, and Religion: A Sourcebook. Wien: Fassbaender, ISBN 3900538816.
Mees, Bernard (200). The North Etruscan Thesis of the Origin of the Runes. Arkiv for nordisk fililogi 115: 33-82.
Odenstedt, Bengt (1990). On the Origin and Early History of the Runic Script, Uppsala, ISBN 9185352209.
Page, R. I. (1999). An Introduction to English Runes, The Boydell Press, Woodbridge. ISBN 0-85115-946-X.
Prosdocimi, A. L. (2003-4). Sulla Formazione Dell'alfabeto Runico. Promessa di Novit; Documentali Forse Decisive. Archivio per l'Alto Adige. XCVII-XCVIII :427-440
Robinson, Orrin W. (1992). Old English and its Closest Relatives: A Survey of the Earliest Germanic Languages Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-1454-1
Spurkland, Terje (2005). Norwegian Runes and Runic Inscriptions, Boydell Press. ISBN 1-84383-186-4
Stoklund, M. (2003). The first runes - the literary language of the Germani in The Spoils of Victory - the North in the Shadow of the Roman Empire Nationalmuseet (?)
Thorsson, Edred (1987). Runelore: a Handbook of Esoteric Runology. United States: Samuel Weiser, Inc .. ISBN 0-87728-667-1.
Werner, Carl-Gustav (2004). The Allrunes Font and Package [1] PDF.
Williams, Henrik (1996). "The Origin of the Runes". Amsterdamer Beitr;ge zur ;lteren Germanistik 45: 211-18.
Williams, Henrik (2004). "Reasons for Runes," in The First Writing: Script Invention as History and Process, Cambridge University Press, pp. 262-273. ISBN 0-521-83861-4
http://www.galinngrund.org/Runes-Bibliography.htm (Modern Literature)
http://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Староунгарска_писменост
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Венгерские_руны
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Christian_Slavic_writing
http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismo_s;owia;skie
http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P;edk;es;ansk;_slovansk;_p;smo
http://sr.wikipedia.org/sr/Прехришћанско_словенско_писмо etc.
The problem of Slavic runes (dokirillicheskoy and writing) in scientific terms is not closed. In particular,
http://www.mion.novsu.ac.ru/gev/projects/cur/Zolin
http://www.mion.novsu.ac.ru/gev/projects/cur/Zolin_hist.pdf