71. Question
A 50-year-old patient complains of bursting pain in the left lower limb that is getting worse on exertion, swelling in the region of shin and foot. Objectively: left shin and foot are doughy, skin of the lower shin is indurated and has a bronze tint, subcutaneous veins are dilated, there is an ulcer with necrotic masses. What is the most likely diagnosis?
1. Acute arterial thrombosis
2. Gangrene of the lower extremity
---3. Postthrombophlebitic syndrome
4. Chronic arterial insufficiency
5. Deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs
72. Question
An emergency physician arrived to provide medical care for a hangman taken out of the loop by his relatives. The doctor revealed no pulse in the carotid arteries, lack of consciousness, spontaneous breathing and corneal reflexes; cadaver spots on the back and posterior parts of extremities. A person can be declared dead if the following sign is present:
1. Unconsciousness
2. Lack of corneal reflexes
3. Pulselessness
--4. Cadaver spots
5. Lack of spontaneous breathing
73. Question
A week ago a 65-year-old patient suffered an acute myocardial infarction, his general condition deteriorated: he complains of dyspnea at rest, pronounced weakness. Objectively: edema of the lower extremities, ascites is present. Heart borders are extended, paradoxical pulse is 2 cm displaced from the apex beat to the left. What is the most likely diagnosis?
1. Acute pericarditis
2. Cardiosclerotic aneurysm
---3. Acute cardiac aneurysm
4. Pulmonary embolism
5. Recurrent myocardial infarction
74. Question
A 69-year-old male patient has been hospitalized with hypothermia. Objectively: the patient is pale, has shallow breathing. AP is 100/60 mm Hg, Ps is 60/min. Palpation of the abdomen and chest reveals no pathological signs. The body temperature is of 34.8°C. The patients breath smells of alcohol. Give treatment recommendations:
1. Antishock therapy
2. Rubbing with alcohol and snow
3. Forced diuresis
4. Body warming with hot-water bags
--5. Warm bath + intravenous administration of warm solutions
75. Question
An emergency physician arrived to provide medical care for a hangman taken out of the loop by his relatives. The doctor revealed no pulse in the carotid arteries, absence of consciousness, spontaneous breathing and corneal reflexes; cadaver spots on the back and posterior parts of extremities. A person can be declared dead if the following sign is present:
1. Absence of corneal reflexes
2. Unconsciousness
3. Absence of spontaneous breathing
4. Pulselessness
---5. Cadaver spots
76. Question
A 28 year old woman was admitted to the emergency room with a slightly reddened, painful “knot” 8 cm above the medial malleolus. Examination in the standing position demonstrates a distended vein above and below the mass. There are no other abnormalities on physical examination. The most likely diagnosis is:
1. Insect bite
2. Cellulitis
3. Early deep vein thrombosis
--4. Superficial venous thrombosis
5. Subcutaneous hematoma
77. Question
A 22 y.o. man complains of acute throat pain, increasing upon swallowing during 3 days. Body temperature 38.3°C, neck lymph nodules are slightly enlarged and painful. Pharyngoscopically – tonsilar hyperemia, enlargement and edema, tonsils are covered by round yellow fibrinous patches around crypts openings. Beta-haemolytic streptococcus in swab analysis. What is the diagnosis?
1. Pharyngeal diphtheria
--2. Acute membranous tonsilitis
3. Infectious mononucleosis
4. Pharyngeal candidosis
5. Acute follicular tonsilitis
78. Question
A 35-year-old victim of a road accident has got an injury of the right side of his chest. Objectively: respiration rate – 28-30/min, respiration is shallow, restricted respiratory excursion and acrocyanosis are present. Ps- 110 bpm, AP- 90/60 mm Hg. Respiratory sounds over the right lung cannot be auscultated. Chest radiograph shows fractures of the VI-VII ribs on the right, the right pleural cavity contains both air and fluid, with the fluid at about the level of the V rib, the shadow of the mediastinum is displaced to the left. What first aid should be provided to the victim?
1. Vagosympathetic blockade
2. Antibiotic administration
3. Urgent thoracotomy
4. Artificial ventilation of lungs
--5. Puncture of the pleural cavity
79. Question
An 8-month-old baby has had problems with nasal breathing and muco-purulent discharge from the nose for a week. Examination reveals a rhinedema, muco-purulent discharges from the middle nasal meatus as well as on the back of pharynx. What disease are these symptoms most typical for?
1. Frontitis
2. Hemisinusitis
3. Sphenoiditis
---4. Ethmoiditis
5. Maxillary sinusitis
80. Question
A 24-year-old patient got a puncture injury below the Pouparts ligament accompanied by intense arterial bleeding. The best method to temporarily stop the bleeding in the patient would be:
1. Esmarchs tourniquet
---2. Compression band
3. Maximum limb bending
4. Compressing a blood vessel with a clamp
5. Wound suturing